Richard Kilpatrick, who joins the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law this fall as an Associate Professor of Law after serving as a visiting professor, studies maritime law, international commercial law and geopolitical disruption in global trade. His new book, , explores how war, sanctions and political instability create complex commercial disputes across the shipping industry.

In this Q&A, Kilpatrick discusses the ongoing Strait of Hormuz crisis, its impact on global shipping and the legal questions emerging from the disruption.

How is the Strait of Hormuz crisis affecting global shipping?

Shipping Disruptions and Navigation Concerns
The Strait of Hormuz is one of the world鈥檚 true maritime chokepoints: there is only one route for ships to get in and out of the Persian Gulf. As of mid-May, nearly three months after the war in Iran started, freedom of navigation in the Strait remains impeded in two ways: First, Iran has attacked and threatened to continue attacking merchant ships if they move through the Strait without its authorization. And second, the US military has imposed a purported 鈥渂lockade鈥� on Iran-linked ships. Neither the Iranian nor the American-imposed measures are totally effective. Some ships have been allowed safe passage due to ad hoc diplomatic arrangements negotiated on a case-by-case basis and others have slipped through the Strait at night after turning off their navigation transponders. But due to the risk of attack, the vast majority of ships trapped in the Gulf are just waiting for the conflict鈥檚 resolution. For perspective, during peacetime upwards of 150 ships move through the Strait in a given day. For the past few months, this number has dropped to single digits.

Humanitarian Concerns for Seafarers
The biggest logistical hurdle at the moment is the humanitarian concern for professional seafarers who remain on board these vessels. Recent reports suggest that as many as 20,000 seafarers are still trapped in the Gulf. Most of them are citizens of countries that are not at all associated with the war, such as the Philippines, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and India. They are genuinely innocent civilian bystanders that happen to have been performing their work in the wrong place at the wrong time. So first and foremost, many in the shipping industry are hoping that a sustained peaceful resolution will be achieved to open the Strait and allow the ships to depart the Gulf and the seafarers to be repatriated back to their home countries after a rather traumatic few months. Some good news is that recent reports indicate that during the ceasefire some of the seafarers have been able to evacuate or at least to receive supplies.

Supply Chain and Commercial Impacts
Another major problem flowing out of the Strait closure is the strain this has placed on global supply chains. In normal times, a significant proportion of the world鈥檚 supply of crude oil, refined oil products, liquified gas, and chemicals including fertilizer is exported out of the region to global markets. This includes Persian Gulf loadings out of Qatar, the UAE, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, and parts of Saudi Arabia. With the Strait of Hormuz effectively shuttered and some of the energy export infrastructure damaged by the war, this is putting major stress on supply chains and driving up costs for consumers worldwide. But this turmoil is creating its own form of challenges within the shipping industry. During the current ceasefire, there has been an open question as to whether vessels should attempt to depart the Gulf, and who among the commercial actors with a stake in the voyage should have the right and responsibility to decide. This question of navigational safety is weighing heavily on the minds of those involved in the decision-making process, including shipowners in consultation with the shipmasters and crew, as well as other third parties such as insurers and vessel charterers.

鈥淭here is only one route for ships to get in and out of the Persian Gulf.鈥�

What kinds of legal and commercial disputes are emerging from the crisis?

Marine War Risk Insurance
When assessing the broad commercial impact of this kind of disruption, it may be useful to think about the problem in terms of layers. The blockage of the Strait is impacting contracts for the sale of goods, vessel chartering agreements, insurance arrangements, trade financing and brokering services, and a number of other ancillary forms of transactions. As a maritime lawyer, I find the impact on insurance and vessel chartering agreements particularly fascinating.

The insurance dimensions have been in the news recently as it has been widely reported that insurance companies have cancelled cover due to the outbreak of war. This is not totally accurate. Marine war risk insurance is usually purchased separately from standard marine insurance, in part because war risks have long been viewed as special risks with premiums calculated based on a different set of factors. One of the peculiarities of war risk insurance is that there are actually two premiums, including one 鈥渁dditional premium鈥� that may change depending on the status of the risk. For instance, a war risk premium may be set at one rate for worldwide trading, but there may be an additional war risk premium assessed for vessels that are navigating in particularly dangerous zones. The risk status of maritime zones can change quickly as security situations evolve, which has been the case in the Persian Gulf. At present, additional war risk premiums for vessels navigating in the Gulf are extremely high, especially for vessels with any US or Israeli nexus. There have been some discussions about the US government providing a form of state-backed war risk insurance in case the commercial supply of war risk insurance is no longer available, but apparently this has not been necessary in part because the high premiums make commercial war risk insurance quite lucrative for those willing to underwrite the risk.  

Who Pays the Additional Costs?
One of the remaining commercial questions, however, is who bears the burden of paying for this additional war risk premium. The answer to this question may depend on other contracting arrangements, such as the terms of any underlying vessel chartering agreement made between the shipowner and the vessel charterer. If the vessel is on a voyage charter under which the charterer has agreed to make a lump sum payment of freight, it may be the shipowner who is responsible to cover the additional war risk premium if it was not included in the initial freight calculation, but if the vessel is on a longer term time charter, depending on the terms of the contract, the charterer may be on the hook for reimbursing the shipowner for the additional premium. Another larger scale insurance problem could take place if the blockage of the Strait protracts into 2027. If vessels are trapped for more than 12 months, this could lead to widespread insurance claims of constructive total loss, which could put severe pressure on the insurance industry as a whole. This eventuality is a long way off at the moment, but it is something industry participants are already concerned about.

Delays, Chartering and Risk Allocation
Beyond insurance, the blockage of the Strait is giving rise to further contractual questions of risk allocation between shipowners and charterers. One question is who鈥攕hipowner or charterer鈥攎ust bear the burden of the delay costs. The familiar maxim 鈥渢ime is money鈥� is certainly true in the vessel chartering context. Ships are expensive to build and to operate and due to the daily exposure to harsh elements like salt water and inclement weather, they have a relatively short useful life in which they must generate revenue to cover the costs of their construction. For this reason, shipowners of large ocean-going vessels routinely charter their ships to charterers for the purpose of ensuring the vessels consistently have commercial employment. This might be on a time or voyage basis. If for instance, a vessel is under time charter, the charterer must engage in commercial voyages to generate at least enough revenue to pay the shipowner an agreed daily rate of 鈥渉ire.鈥�

Questions of Contract Interpretation
When the vessel is trapped in the Gulf, it cannot engage in commercial employment to generate this revenue, which raises the question of whether the vessel should be placed 鈥渙ff-hire鈥� during the delay. The answer to this question is ultimately one of contract interpretation, but in general time-chartered vessels remain on hire unless an enumerated off-hire event has occurred, such as fire or machinery breakdown. If a vessel鈥檚 machinery is destroyed by an Iranian drone or missile, it very well may be off-hire which would have the effect of placing the delay risk on the shipowner. But if there is merely a threat of attack that does not actually prevent the vessel from its ability to mechanically function as a ship, hire likely continues to run throughout the delay even though the ship is prevented from performing trades. If the vessel is indeed on hire while trapped in the Gulf, the charterer may have a financial incentive to try to push the shipowner to move through the Strait even though it is dangerous to do so. Whether the charterer has the right to issue such an order is yet another question of contract interpretation potentially implicating other terms in the contract, such as the so-called 鈥渟afe port warranty鈥� or perhaps other more explicit war risk clauses. The point is these commercial law questions do not always have easy solutions that will apply seamlessly to every ship trapped in the Gulf.

Are There Historical Parallels to Today鈥檚 Shipping Disruptions?

The Iran-Iraq War and the 鈥淭anker War鈥�
The short answer is yes, although none of the previous conflicts are identical to the current crisis. At the outbreak of the Iran/ Iraq war in 1980, dozens of vessels became trapped in the Shatt-al-Arab鈥攖he river that divides the two countries This led to commercial litigation and arbitration as to whether it was safe for merchant vessels to depart the river during the war. These vessel trappings led to seminal caselaw addressing the application of contract clauses and common law doctrines both in the insurance and the vessel chartering context. But then, several years into the conflict, the Persian Gulf became a very dangerous place as both Iran and Iraq began attacking neutral merchant ships to prevent the other side from being able to generate revenue by exporting oil. This period, known as the 鈥淭anker War,鈥� gave rise to additional insurance and vessel chartering disputes. Eventually, the US military attempted to intervene by reflagging and escorting tankers exporting oil out of Kuwait, which serves as a sort of precedent for the recent discussions about possible US-led convoys through the Strait. 聽

The Suez Canal and Maritime Blockages
A second set of scenarios that has given rise to important caselaw on the subject are those involving blockages of the Suez Canal. It was closed due to regional fighting for a few months during the mid 1950s and again for eight years from 1967-1975. Vessel traffic was also impeded by non-state security threats, including the Somali piracy crisis of 2008-2012 and more recent attacks by Iran-backed Houthi rebels from 2023 to the present. The so-called 鈥淪uez cases鈥� dealt with the questions of whether Suez closures amounted to contract frustration, impossibility, and impracticability, or whether they triggered more explicit contract clauses. But since there is actually another route via the Cape of Good Hope, the scenario is slightly different than the Strait of Hormuz crisis because there is simply not an alternative route available for vessels currently trapped in the Persian Gulf.

The War in Ukraine and Black Sea Shipping
Another relatively similar dynamic arose during the early months of the war in Ukraine, as the Black Sea was mined and vessels were attacked by drones and missiles. Others were trapped along Ukraine鈥檚 coasts. Some ships were unable to depart for more than a year, which ultimately did lead to insurance claims for constructive total loss. The initial danger in the Black Sea also created supply chain turmoil, particularly because much of the world鈥檚 supply of grains and fertilizers had previously been exported out of Black Sea ports. In the summer of 2022, the UN helped broker a temporary diplomatic solution, which allowed many ships to export grains and fertilizers out of a 鈥渉umanitarian corridor鈥� carved through the Black Sea. The agreement lapsed within a year and shipping in the Black Sea has been risky ever since. Caselaw addressing the commercial shipping dimensions of the war in Ukraine has been gradually trickling out, some of which may provide guidance when the inevitable stream of Strait of Hormuz cases makes its way to courts and arbitration tribunals in the months and years to come.

What Inspired Your New Book on Geopolitical Disruption in Shipping?

Geopolitical Disruption and Commercial Law
The central focus is the notion that political volatility in the modern world is disrupting shipping activities and causing disputes that raise fundamental questions of commercial law. Geopolitics has been affecting shipping activities quite a lot in recent years, not only due to war and terrorism, but also due to sanctions, export controls, tariffs, and other measures that might be described as 鈥渢rade war鈥� techniques. I have been writing law review articles about these kinds of issues for a number of years, but over time I started noticing broader trends and decided to dig deeper to try to understand historical patterns in geopolitical maneuvering, shipping industry adaptation, and how these measures have impacted the resolution of related commercial disputes.

Physical Risk and Regulatory Risk
To keep the book in balance, I broke the forms of disruption into two sections: those that deal with physical risks and those that deal with regulatory risk. The first part of the book explores the commercial implications of physical disruption across three categories: war, unrest, and piracy. The second part of the book turns to purely economic measures, including sanctions and other forms of statecraft like embargos and tariffs. I aim to tie all of these issues together by examining how courts and arbitration tribunals have resolved these kinds of problems by reference to common law avoidance doctrines as well as bespoke contract clauses addressing force majeure or related categories. The book ultimately argues that this rapidly evolving area of international commercial law demands a readiness to borrow analytical approaches across categories of business disruption.

A Timely Study of Maritime Disruption
For better or worse, I completed the manuscript for the book prior to the full-scale war breaking out in Iran. Even so, it had already become clear that something like this could happen in the near future. Iran-backed militias have been attacking merchant ships in the Red Sea since 2023, and Israel and the US directly bombed Iranian nuclear sites in 2025. Iran had been threatening to close the Strait of Hormuz for years. For those of us who pay close attention to maritime security matters, once a full-scale regional war began to unfold in 2026, it was not a surprise to see the scope of the commercial disruption. My hope is that the principles examined in the book will aid the resolution of these emerging disputes along with others that may be looming on the horizon.

鈥淭he rapidly evolving area of international commercial law demands a readiness to borrow analytical approaches across categories of business disruption.鈥�

How Does Your Scholarship Shape Your Teaching at Bowen?

Bringing Real-World Disputes Into the Classroom
While serving as a Visiting Professor at Bowen, I had the pleasure of teaching courses in contract law, sales, and maritime law. In each of these courses, we discussed contract avoidance doctrines, including frustration, impossibility, and changes in circumstances, as well as contract-based defenses such as force majeure provisions. In the maritime law course in particular, we spent several class sessions examining some of the key caselaw involving kinetic wars and trade wars. Given that the Iran conflict broke out right in the middle of our course last spring, this led to some lively discussions about what this might mean for maritime commerce.

Connecting Arkansas to Global Commerce
As an incoming Associate Professor, I hope to continue cultivating student interest in this area. As I tell my students, Arkansas is not as landlocked as people may think. A major navigable river cuts right past our law school campus before flowing into the Mississippi River to access some of America鈥檚 busiest ports. My hope is that pushing students to examine the complexities of international commercial law, maritime law, and geopolitics will spark interest in new career opportunities and further reveal the interconnected nature of the modern world.

鈥淎rkansas is not as landlocked as people may think.鈥�

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Carolyn Ryburn teaches Research, Writing, and Analysis at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law and brings a strong background in legal practice and pedagogy. A Bowen alumna herself, Ryburn is deeply invested in the success of Bowen鈥檚 students and the future of Arkansas鈥檚 legal community.

Ryburn began her legal career in litigation at a defense firm in 糖心视频logo before transitioning to an in-house position in human resources at a multi-state bank. She first joined Bowen Law in 2020 as a visiting professor. In 2021 she transitioned to writing specialist, and worked extensively in the PASS (Professional Academic Support Services) program.

In 2023, she returned to teaching as a Visiting Assistant Professor and continues to serve as a PASS Program mentor.

Her research focuses on legal education and pedagogy, with a particular interest in experiential learning. Her published scholarship includes an article on using BINGO to teach legal vocabulary, and she has two forthcoming publications: one on the benefits of hosting oral arguments in a courthouse and another exploring the use of AI in classroom exercises.

鈥淚 intentionally incorporate experiential learning and reflective discussions,鈥� Ryburn says. 鈥淭he goal is to help students develop the professionalism and confidence they need to be practice-ready.鈥�

As a passionate educator and Bowen graduate, she sees her teaching as a form of public service鈥攅quipping future lawyers to serve their communities effectively. Outside the classroom, she enjoys spending time on the water and is an avid water skier.

Ryburn earned a Bachelor of Arts in English from Hendrix College, a Master of Public Administration from UA 糖心视频logo, and a Juris Doctor from the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law.

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Terri Day teaches Civil Procedure I & II, Professional Responsibility, and courses on the First Amendment at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. With nearly three decades of academic service and international experience, she brings deep expertise in constitutional law, legal ethics, and interdisciplinary approaches to justice.

Day served for 29 years at Barry University School of Law, where she was a founding faculty member, Associate Dean for Student Affairs, and Faculty Director of Moot Court. She later retired with emerita status. A non-traditional law student, she transitioned into law after a career in social work, earning her J.D. from the University of Florida and her LL.M. from Yale Law School.

Her research has focused on the Free Speech and Religion Clauses of the First Amendment, as well as restorative justice and the intersection of law and psychiatry. Her international teaching includes appointments in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Lithuania, and China, and she has served twice as a Fulbright Professor at the University of Sarajevo.

Day came to Bowen to be near family in Arkansas, but she has found something uniquely fulfilling in the law school community. 鈥淭he students, professors, administration and staff have been so kind and welcoming, which I did not necessarily expect as a visitor,鈥� she says.

She sees her teaching as a direct extension of Bowen鈥檚 mission. 鈥淚 have been privileged to teach Professional Responsibility at Bowen and reinforce Bowen鈥檚 strong commitment to professionalism.鈥�

Day holds a B.A. in Psychology and Social Work from the University of Wisconsin鈥揗adison, an MSSA (Master of Science in Social Administration) from Case Western Reserve University, a J.D. from the University of Florida, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School.

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Kristen Minton teaches Federal Income Tax, Advanced Federal Income Tax, and Torts at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. A Bowen alumna, Minton combines expertise in tax law, insurance, and academic support with a long-standing commitment to student success.

Before joining the full-time faculty, Minton spent nearly two decades in private practice and industry. She practiced in the areas of tax and employee benefits at Friday, Eldredge & Clark, LLP, and later served as Associate Counsel at Stephens Insurance, LLC. She also held leadership roles in the insurance brokerage sector and taught at Bowen as an adjunct for nearly a decade.

Prior to joining Bowen as a Visiting Professor of Law, Minton served as Director of Academic Support and Bar Success Services at Bowen, working closely with students to enhance performance and professionalism.

Minton鈥檚 teaching is informed by her interest in financial literacy and her ongoing research into tax issues and personal finance for law students. Her scholarly interests include tax law, personal finance for law students, and legal education strategies.

She holds a B.B.A. in Accounting from the University of Central Arkansas, a J.D. from the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law, and an LL.M. in Taxation from Georgetown University Law Center.

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Anastacia Greene teaches Real Property and Immigration Law at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. She previously served as Clinical Director of Bowen鈥檚 Consumer Protection Clinic from 2022 to 2024 and directed the Immigration Law Clinic at the University of Florida Levin College of Law. Her legal career includes roles as a clinical fellow, adjunct professor, and public interest attorney working with low-income clients.

Greene鈥檚 earlier practice included supervising attorneys in pro bono clinics and managing legal services for Catholic Charities, the Legal Assistance Foundation, and Legal Services of Southern Piedmont. Her teaching is grounded in real-world experience, bringing students practical insights into the legal system.

Her scholarship explores intersections between distinct areas of law, such as criminal law and landlord-tenant law or immigration and family law. Her recent publication examines Arkansas鈥檚 criminal eviction statute, which allows tenants to be charged with a misdemeanor for failure to pay rent.

Greene was drawn to Bowen for its emphasis on public service and practice-ready education. “I am continually impressed by students鈥� enthusiasm, intelligence, dedication and persistence,” she says.

She brings professional ethics, access to justice, and civic responsibility into every course she teaches. “In my research, and in my teaching, I focus on how these abstract values can play out in the real practice of law.”

Outside the classroom, Greene finds joy in music. “I can play guitar鈥攂adly,” she adds.

Greene holds a J.D. from Washington and Lee University School of Law and a B.A. in English and Spanish from Westminster College.

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Richard Kilpatrick teaches Contracts, Sales, and Maritime Law at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. A scholar of international commercial law, Kilpatrick brings both global insight and practical experience to the classroom.

Before returning to Bowen, Kilpatrick taught commercial law at business schools in Illinois and South Carolina and practiced at a law firm in Chicago. His scholarly work explores the contractual implications of geopolitical risk鈥攁 topic that forms the basis of his forthcoming book.

His commitment to creating dynamic, discussion-based learning environments supports Bowen鈥檚 emphasis on professionalism and practice-readiness, especially in foundational first-year courses.

Kilpatrick also has a personal connection to Bowen鈥檚 leadership. As a student at Tulane University Law School, one of his favorite professors was Colin Crawford鈥攏ow dean of Bowen Law. 鈥淗e even convinced me to spend a semester as an exchange student in Shanghai, which was an experience that I will never forget.鈥�

Kilpatrick earned his J.D. from Tulane University Law School and his B.A. from Georgia Southern University.

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Michael Geiselhart teaches Business Associations, Contracts I and II, Government Contracts, and Freedom of Information Act at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. With a strong background in federal government service and administrative law, he brings both real-world experience and scholarly insight into the classroom.

He began his legal career as a Cannon Fellow in Higher Education and Health Law in the General Counsel鈥檚 Office at Washington University in St. Louis. He then clerked for the Hon. John M. Bodenhausen in the Eastern District of Missouri before serving for eight years as an Assistant District Counsel with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. There, he focused on contract formation, administration, and litigation, and represented the United States before multiple tribunals. He was also appointed as a Special Assistant United States Attorney in the Eastern District of Arkansas.

Before joining the tenure-track faculty, he served as an adjunct professor at Bowen, teaching Government Contracts and FOIA. His academic research focuses on the theory and practice of government contracting and administrative law. He is currently working on a treatise addressing the legal and structural foundations of federal procurement.

鈥淭he emphasis on excellence in teaching is one of my favorite things about Bowen,鈥� he says. 鈥淚t鈥檚 a school where that ability is valued, encouraged, and practiced.鈥�

His commitment to public service and access to justice is evident in both his teaching and scholarship. 鈥淢y research supports small businesses navigating government contracts鈥攁n area of law where legal representation is often inaccessible.鈥�

When he鈥檚 not in the classroom or library, he enjoys weightlifting as a way to stay grounded and focused. 鈥淔itness provides an opportunity to refresh the mind while enhancing physical health,鈥� he adds.

He earned a J.D. from Washington University in St. Louis School of Law and holds dual undergraduate degrees in History and Journalism from the University of Georgia.

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Jordan Wallace-Wolf teaches Remedies, Torts, and Criminal Law at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. His teaching and research center on the intersection of constitutional rights, privacy, and legal theory, with particular emphasis on the First, Fourth, and Fifth Amendments.

Before joining Bowen, Wallace-Wolf earned both his J.D. and Ph.D. in Philosophy from UCLA, where he later served as a research fellow. He also holds degrees from Tufts University and Yale. His current scholarship examines emerging legal issues such as geofencing surveillance under the Fourth Amendment and recent efforts to invoke Rule 65(c) more aggressively in injunction cases against the federal government. He also maintains an active interest in Arkansas tort law.

Wallace-Wolf was drawn to Bowen鈥檚 mission-oriented environment and its commitment to addressing real legal needs in Arkansas. 鈥淏owen is a public-focused law school,鈥� he says. 鈥淏eing a part of that is a distinctly rewarding kind of legal work. I especially enjoy exposing students to new ideas鈥攊t’s the least I can do, given how often they do the same for me.鈥�

His work also explores the philosophical dimensions of legal education. 鈥淏ehind most doctrines lies the same root question: Why is it fair? Why is it the right rule for our legal system? Answering that question is part of appreciating the spirit of the law in addition to its letter.鈥�

Wallace-Wolf first became interested in law while working as an assistant to a journalist covering legal controversies in the post-9/11 era. He interviewed military and intelligence officials about Guantanamo Bay tribunals, the Patriot Act, and constitutional rights in wartime鈥攅xperiences that deeply influenced his legal and academic path.

He holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy and a J.D. from UCLA, an M.A. from Tufts University, and a B.A. in Political Science from Yale University.

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Taylor Farr teaches Research, Writing, and Analysis I and II at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law. A dedicated legal educator with deep Arkansas roots, Farr is passionate about equipping students to become not just capable attorneys, but ethical leaders in their communities.

Farr brings a breadth of experience in private practice, federal courts, and legal instruction. He previously served as an adjunct professor at the University of Arkansas 鈥� Fayetteville, worked as an attorney advisor for the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals, and practiced law with Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP and Conner & Winters, LLP. He also clerked for the Hon. Bobby E. Shepherd, Circuit Judge on the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals.

His research focuses on the ethical and legal implications of artificial intelligence. Farr recently published two articles in The Arkansas Lawyer: 鈥淎rtificial Intelligence 101: The Good, The Bad, and The (Un)Ethical鈥� and 鈥淎rtificial Intelligence in the Natural State.鈥�

A lifelong Arkansan, Farr was drawn to Bowen鈥檚 mission of service and practice-ready education. 鈥淚 love knowing that what I am doing in the classroom will have an impact on my home,鈥� he says. 鈥淚鈥檓 thrilled to work alongside colleagues who care not only about the theory of law but also its practice.鈥�

His teaching emphasizes professionalism and civility鈥攙alues he sees as increasingly urgent. 鈥淭oo often, attorneys undermine the rule of law by failing to provide clients with the representation they deserve or by failing to practice civility toward one another,鈥� he says. 鈥淚n my class, I teach broader practice-of-law principles that address these issues and tie them to the course material.鈥�

Outside the legal world, Farr is known for his school spirit. 鈥淚 was a mascot at the University of Arkansas,鈥� he says. 鈥淚 beat the Baylor Bear in a dance-off and appeared in a commercial on ESPN.鈥�

Farr earned a J.D. from the University of Arkansas School of Law and a B.S. in Crop, Soil & Environmental Sciences from the University of Arkansas.

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Christine Buamah brings a global perspective to her work at the UA 糖心视频logo William H. Bowen School of Law, where she teaches Torts, Criminal Procedure Pretrial, International Human Rights, Disability Law, and Introduction to International Law.

Her research explores the implementation of international human rights in legally pluralistic contexts, drawing on extensive experience in both U.S. and international legal systems. Before joining Bowen, Buamah practiced law with several firms in Texas and served as Counsel and Associate Researcher for Ghana鈥檚 Constitution Review Commission from 2010 to 2012. She also worked with Atuguba and Associates and Law and Development Associates in Ghana from 2006 to 2013.

Buamah is committed to advancing justice through both scholarship and teaching. Her work connects to Bowen鈥檚 mission by highlighting the importance of global human rights in shaping equitable legal systems.

She earned a Bachelor of Arts and an LLB from the University of Ghana, an LL.M. from Harvard Law School, and an S.J.D. from Fordham University School of Law.

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